Rohit (name changed), a 22-year-old man from Kerala, was initially treated for anxiety and behavioral changes after experiencing sudden personality shifts, memory loss, and intermittent seizures. His family noticed that he had become withdrawn, confused, and unable to manage daily tasks. He was initially diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder at another facility, but symptoms continued to worsen, prompting a referral to Artemis Hospital for specialized neurological evaluation.
Our neurology team immediately suspected a rare autoimmune encephalitis, a condition in which the immune system attacks the brain. Comprehensive tests, including antibody panels and MRI scans, confirmed the diagnosis. Rohit was admitted to the Neuro-ICU and started on immunotherapy to suppress the autoimmune response, alongside supportive care to prevent complications.
Rohit’s condition was critical, with fluctuating consciousness, seizures, and cognitive impairment, so intensive monitoring was maintained. The medical team coordinated care with physiotherapists, speech therapists, and occupational therapists to support his recovery. Over several weeks, Rohit began to regain awareness, memory function improved, and seizure activity reduced significantly.
As his neurological function recovered, Rohit underwent structured rehabilitation to regain independence in daily activities. He showed steady progress, and his personality and cognitive abilities returned near normal. His family was closely involved in supporting his recovery, guided by our neurology and rehabilitation teams.
Today, Rohit attends college and continues regular follow-ups with the neurology team. He has resumed his social and academic life. This case underscores the importance of considering rare neurological conditions when psychiatric symptoms appear suddenly. Early recognition, timely immunotherapy, and comprehensive neurorehabilitation were key factors that transformed Rohit’s prognosis, preventing long-term disability and restoring his quality of life.
